Type V Hypersensitivity Reaction

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What is Type V Hypersensitivity Reaction?

• These reactions occur when IgG class antibodies directed towards cell surface antigens have a stimulating effect on their target.

• Cells are signaled by agents such as hormones.

Amino acid-based hormones:

• These hormones cannot pass through plasma membranes because they are polar.

• They need a two-messenger system to gain entry into a cell.

• These depend on first and second messengers (eg., cyclic AMP).

• A single hormone molecule can result in the formation of several second messengers.

Toxic Shock Syndrome:

• HYPOTENSION, HYPOXIA, OLIGURIA, MICROVASCULAR.

• Defective innate immune system.

Mechanism of Toxic Shock Syndrome:

• Gram-negative bacteria - > septicemia LPS and endotoxins -> activated macrophages and endothelial cells -> release of TNG, IL1/6, and reactive oxyten intermediates.

• Gram-positive bacteria -> septic shock TNF synthesis, Peptidoglycan mediated aggregation of platelets, DIC.

Adult respiratory distress syndrome:

• Levels of lipopolysaccharide and cytokines increases.

• Neutrophil invasion of the lungs.

• Nitric Oxide, lipopolysaccharide; PLATELETS RELEASE THROMBAXANE and PROSTAGLANDINs; DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION.

Additional Readings:

Basic Immunology

1. Introduction to Immunology
2. Cells of Immunology
3. Selection of Lymphocytes
4. Primary Response to Antigen
5. Antigen Processing and Presentation
6. Humoral Effector Mechanism Generator
7. Cell-Mediated Effector Mechanism Generator
8. Vaccination and Immunotherapy
9. Immunodeficiency Diseases
10. Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
11. Hypersensitivities and Autoimmunity Diseases
12. Immunology of Transplantation
13. Immunology of Cancer
14. Immunology Laboratory Technology
15. Acquired Immunity
16. Type II Hypersensitivity Reaction
17. Hypersensitivity Reactions
18. Primary Immunodeficiency
19. Secondary Immunodeficiency
20. Type III Hypersensitivity Reaction
21. Type IV Hypersensitivity Reaction
22. Type V Hypersensitivity Reaction
23. Tumor Immunology
24. Images of Antibodies
25. Th1 vs Th2 cells

Related Topics

1. Histology of Lymphoid Tissue

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