Random USMLE Facts volume 6-1

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Random USMLE Facts volume 6-1:

USMLE Facts 1 USMLE Facts 2 USMLE Facts 3 USMLE Facts 4 USMLE Facts 5
USMLE Facts 6 USMLE Facts 7 USMLE Facts 8 USMLE Facts 9 USMLE Facts 10

What does it mean when we say that the p value has not reached statistical significance (p > 0.05)?

The sample size is very small. The power of a study is directly proportional to sample size.

What are some characteristics of long-acting and short-acting benzodiazepines?

Benzodiazepines can cause daytime drowsiness in the elderly. The severity of this side-effect depends on the half-life of the benzodiazepines. Short-acting benzodiazepines cause less drowsiness but are more addictive. Long-acting benzodiazepines cause more drowsiness and are less addictive.

• Short-acting benzodiazepines: alprazolam, triazolam, and oxazepam.
• Medium-acting benzodiazepines: estazolam, lorazepam, and temazepam.
• Long-acting benzodiazepines: chlordiazepoxide, chlorazepate, diazepam, and flurazepam.

What type of patients does ankylosing spondylitis most likely affect?

Ankylosing spondylitis most likely affects patients following infections with campylobacter, shigella, yersinia, chlamydia, salmonella, or bartonella.

What are the findings in aromatase deficiency in new-born infants?

Ambiguous genitalia, normal blood pressure, increased serum testosterone and androstenedione. Furthermore, the mother experiences increased facial hair growth and deepening voice during pregnancy.

What is walking pneumonia?

Walking pneumonia is caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Some findings include dry nagging cough, low-grade fever, and malaise. The chest X-ray looks much worse than the condition of the patient. It should be noted that Mycoplasma pneumoniae require cholesterol to grow, and lack peptidoglycan cell wall, cell envelope of capsule.

What is pentazocine? What happens with pentazocine is used with opioids?

Pentazocine is an opioid narcotic with partial agonist activity and weak antagonist activity at mu receptors. Pentazocine was originally designed to provide analgesia with little to no abuse potential. When used with other opioids selective for mu receptor, pentazocine competitively inhibits mu receptors, and produces antagonist effects. In the end, pentazocine is given to patients who have been addicted to opioids like morphine; pentazocine increases withdrawal symptoms in morphine addicts.

What are lab values in Klinefelter's syndrome?

Normal LH, increased FSH; estrogen:testosterone ratio determines extent of feminization.

What type of junctions form the blood-brain barrier?

Tight junctions (zona occludens).

What type of junctions hold skin cells together?

Desmosomes.

What type of junction connects the basal layer of the epithelial cells to the basement membrane?

Hemidesmosomes.

What junctions occur underneath tight junctions and help with cell-cell adhesion?

Intermediate junctions (zona adherens).

What junctions allow cells to exchange solute and fluid?

Gap junctions (formed by the connexin proteins).

How are the following significant?

Histamine: allergies.
Serotonin: mood regulation.
Substance P: pain modulation.
Prostaglandin: epidermal flushing and warmth.

What is the mechanism of action of "stress hormone" cortisol?

Cortisol binds to the carboxy terminal of the receptor, increasing gluconeogenesis.

What is ecthyma gangrenosum?

Ecthyma gangrenosum is a skin condition caused by pseudomonas aeruginosa in immunocompromised patients. Ecthyma gangrenosum is typically seen in neutropenic patients, hospitalized patients, patients with burns and chronic indwelling catheters.

USMLE Facts 1 USMLE Facts 2 USMLE Facts 3 USMLE Facts 4 USMLE Facts 5
USMLE Facts 6 USMLE Facts 7 USMLE Facts 8 USMLE Facts 9 USMLE Facts 10

Additional Readings:

Random USMLE Facts

1. Random USMLE Facts volume 1-1
2. Random USMLE Facts volume 2-1
3. Random USMLE Facts volume 3-1
4. Random USMLE Facts volume 4-1
5. Random USMLE Facts volume 5-1
6. Random USMLE Facts volume 6-1
7. Random USMLE Facts volume 7-1
8. Random USMLE Facts volume 8-1
9. Random USMLE Facts volume 9-1
10. Random USMLE Facts volume 10-1
11. Random USMLE Facts volume 11-1
12. Random USMLE Facts volume 12-1

General and Systemic Examinations

1. General Examination for Internal Medicine
2. Jugular Venous Distention Workup
3. ER Chest Pain Workup
4. Format for Patient Presentation
5. Pulmonary Examination for Internal Medicine
6. Cardiac Examination for Internal Medicine
7. Abdominal Examination for Internal Medicine
8. Cranial Nerve Reflexes
9. Motor System Examination
10. Random Sensory System Facts
11. Random Stroke Facts

Medical Files & Presentations

1. USMLE Flashcards [Size: 1.9 MB; Format: MS Powerpoint]
2. Otitis Media in Children [Size: 5.4 MB; Format: MS Powerpoint]
3. Irritable Bowel Syndrome [Size: 170 kB; Format: MS Powerpoint]
4. Acid-Base Disturbance: Acidotic or Alkalotic? [Size: 427 kB; Format: PDF]
5. Thrombocytopenia [Size: 2.42 MB; Format: MS Powerpoint]
6. Are Face Transplants Ethical? [Size: 70.2 kB; Format: MS Powerpoint]

USMLE Step 2 CS Videos

1. Video of Cardiology Examination in a Clinical Setting
2. Video of Neurology Examination in a Clinical Setting
3. Video of Pulmonology Examination in a Clinical Setting
4. Video of Musculoskeletal Examination in a Clinical Setting
5. Video of Abdominal Examination in a Clinical Setting
6. Video of HEENT Examination in a Clinical Setting
7. Video and Description of Rinne Hearing Test
8. Video and Description of Weber Hearing Test

USMLE Laboratory (lab) Values

1. USMLE Blood Lab Values
2. USMLE Cerebrospinal Lab Values
3. USMLE Hematologic Lab Values
4. USMLE Sweat and Urine Lab Values

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