Notes on DNA viruses

Rahul's Noteblog Notes on Virology Notes on DNA viruses

Parvoviridae:

• ssDNA; naked icosahedral.

• Fifth disease; B-19 virus; erythema infectiosum = slapped cheek fever.

• Aplastic crisis in Sickle Cell patients.

• Causes arthritis in adults.

• Only single stranded DNA virus.

Papovaviridae:

• dsDNA; naked icosahedral.

• Human papilloma virus; plantar warts; koilocytic cells found on Pap smear.

• Polyoma viruses: BK virus; JC virus.

Adenovirusis:

• dsDNA; naked.

• Upper respiratory infections in kids.

• Pharyngoconjunctivitis (pink eye / swimming pool conjunctivitis).

• Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (shipyard conjunctivitis).

• Acute respiratory disease and pneumonia (young military recruits).

• Adenovirus 40/41: infantile diarrhea; adenovirus 12, 18, 31: normally present in human feces.

Herpesviridae:

• Enveloped; icosahedral; dsDNA.

• DNA synthesized in nucleus.

• Intranuclear inclusion bodies.

• Treatment: use Acyclovir.

HSV-1:

• Gingivostomatitis and recurrent cold sores; latent in trigeminal root ganglion.

• Keratoconjunctivitis: lid swelling and vesicles; visual impairment.

• Meningoencephalitis: fever, headache, confusion; diagnosis is RBCs in CSF.

HSV-2:

• Meningitis.

• Herpes genital infections: painful lesions on genitals and anal area; latent in sacral n. ganglia.

• Neonatal herpes.

• Diagnosis: PCR of CSF and viral culture with fluorescent Ab stain; Tzanck smear (outdated); immunoflorescent staining can differentiate between HSV-1 and 2.

Varicella-zoster:

• Chicken pox: latent in dorsal root ganglion.

• Reye's syndrome.

• Disseminated infections in IC hosts.

• Vaccine available; passive transfer of immunity with VZ immunoglobulin.

EBV:

• B cell infection; binds to CD21 = CR2.

• Infectious mononucleosis; kissing disease: fatigue, fever, sore throat, lymphadenpathy, and splenomegaly; Abs react with Paul-Bunnell antigen on sheep/bovine RBCs.

• Burkitt lymphoma, nasopharyngeal cancer, and thymus carcinoma; all contain EB Nuclear Angiten.

CMV:

• Herpesviridae infecting fibroblasts; owl's eyes.

Human Herpesvirus:

• Human herpesvirus 6: exanthem subitum; roseola; infant disease; rash.

• Human herpesvirus 8: Kaposi sarcoma co-factor.

Poxviridae:

• Brick-shaped, large; ds linear DNA.

• Cytoplasm replication.

Variola:

• Small pox; Guarnieri bodies in infected cells.

Vaccinia:

• Immunogen complex in smallpox vaccine.

Molluscum contagiosum:

• Small, pink, wart-like tumors; eosinophilic cypoplasmic inclusion bodies; problem in IC hosts.

Additional Readings:

Basic Virology

1. Immune defences against viruses
2. Viral Hepatitis
3. DNA viruses
4. Positive-sense RNA viruses
5. Human Immunodeficiency Virus
6. Negative sense RNA viruses
7. Double stranded RNA Viruses
8. Viruses associated with cancer
9. Generalized vs specialized transduction
10. Hepatitis serologic markers
11. Bacterial vs viral infections
12. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infections and AIDS
13. Steps When Patient is Newly Diagnosed with HIV

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