Causes and Complications of Arteriovenous Fistulas

  >   Rahul's Noteblog   >   Notes on Cardiology   >   Causes and Complications of Arteriovenous Fistulas

Causes of Arteriovenous Fistulas:

Congenital causes of arteriovenois fistula: Acquired causes of arteriovenous fistula:
Patent ductus arteriosus, angiomas, pulmonary arteriovenous fistula, CNS arteriovenous fistula. Trauma, iatrogenic (eg., femoral catheterization), atherosclerosis (eg., aortocaval fistula), cancer.

How can arteriovenous fistulas cause high-output heart failure?

In patients with arteriovenous fistulas, there is compensatory increase in heart rate and stroke volume in order to meet oxygen requirements of peripheral tissues. Over time, cardiac function can occasionally decompensate over a period of time and result in cardiac failure.

Arteriovenous fistulas are diagnosed using doppler ultrasonography.

Additional Reading:

Basic Cardiology

1. Electrical Activity of the Heart
2. Heart Muscle Mechanics
3. Heart Sounds and Murmurs
4. Additional FAQ on Heart Sounds and Murmurs
5. Cardiac Conduction Diagram
6. Blood Pressures in Cardiac Chambers
7. What is Pulsus Paradoxus?
8. FAQ on Heart Murmurs and Mechanisms of Turbulent Flow
9. Notes on Fetal Circulation
10. FAQ on Ischemic Myocardial Infarction
11. FAQ on Electrocardiograms / ECG / EKG
12. FAQ on Cardiac Conduction
13. The Heart as a Pump, the Cardiac cycle and Cardiac Output
14. What are the most common causes of aortic stenosis?
15. What is Pulseless Electrical Activity?
16. Causes and Complications of Arteriovenous Fistulas
17. CHADS2 Score for Atrial Fibrillation Stroke Risk
18. How to Reduce Blood Pressure without Medications?
19. Types of Shock
20. Locations of Heart Murmurs on Chest Wall
21. Types of Heart Blocks

Electrocardiogram (EKG/ECG) Topics

1. EKG Chest Leads
2. EKG Limb Leads
3. Quick 12-Lead ECG/EKG Format

Cardiology Videos

1. Video of Cardiology Examination in a Clinical Setting

Medical Images

Useful Medical Images & Diagrams (link opens in a new window)

Related Topics

1. Thorax Anatomy
2. Vascular Disorders
3. Heart Disorders
4. Histology of the Cardiovascular System
5. Jugular Venous Distention Workup
6. ER Chest Pain Workup
7. Cardiac Examination for Internal Medicine
8. FAQ on Blood Pressure
9. FAQ on principles of fluid and flow dynamics of Blood

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